中國曾貧窮落後，受盡欺凌，與西方世界的先進文明，是存在巨大差距的，很多時候甚至會出現無法融入的情況，這與我國的歷史有著直接的關係。但百年來中國一直在不斷追求進步，從發達國家的發展中汲取經驗，也會自己獨立在未知的領域進行探索，今日的中國已經是一個不再會被忽視的國家。在美版知乎Quora上，美國網友提問道：如果中國如此強大，為什麼我一點都看不到中國的影響力？這個問題引起各國網友的圍觀和熱議，我們來看看他們的觀點。
問題：如果中國如此強大，為什麼我一個美國人看不到中國的影響力？
華裔國際關係專家貝文·楚的回答
The reason why you can’t see China’s influence is simple: it’s so ubiquitous that you don’t notice it. First of all, China has invented and designed countless things that the modern world depends on, including paper, printed matter, paper money, gunpowder, cannon, rocket, cast iron, petroleum gas, deep well, compass, blast furnace, differential gear, mechanical clock, linear algebra, seismograph, interchangeable parts, etc., which are inseparable from our work, life and even the development of civilization today.
你看不到中國影響力的原因很簡單：它無處不在，如此之多，以至於你都沒有注意到。首先，中國發明設計了無數現代世界賴以生存的東西，包括紙張、印刷品、紙幣、火藥、大炮、火箭、鑄鐵、石油氣、深井、指南針、高爐、差動齒輪、機械鐘、線性代數、地震儀、可互換件等等，都是我們今天的工作生活乃至文明發展所離不開的。
Oil and steel are the key to American industrialization. The principle of the first oil derrick built in the United States in the mid-19th century is basically the same as that of China’s deep well drilling rig; Modern steelmaking technology is largely based on William Kelly’s patented technology, but his patents are largely based on technology invented in China centuries ago.
石油和煉鋼是美國工業化的關鍵。19世紀中期在美國建造的第一個石油井架與中國的深井鑽機原理基本相同；現代煉鋼技術在很大程度上是基於威廉·凱利（William Kelly）的專利技術，但他的專利很大程度上是基於幾個世紀以前在中國發明的技術。
William Kelly hired Chinese metal workers in the 1850s. Yale engineer William Phillips and metallurgist Daniel Wagner pointed out that Kelly’s Chinese workers knew these ancient smelting technologies very well.
威廉·凱利（William Kelly）在19世紀50年代雇傭了中國金屬工人，耶魯大學工程師威廉·菲利普斯（William Phillips）和冶金學家丹尼爾·瓦格納（Daniel Wagner）都指出，凱利的中國工人對這些古老的冶煉技術非常瞭解。
In addition to invention, you can also add the elite system and the 2000 year imperial examination system. This system allows anyone, regardless of their birth environment, to cross classes and become senior officials and leaders. This system was directly adopted by the British in the 1850s, and ended the history of aristocracy monopolizing social resources.
除了發明，你還可以加上精英制度和兩千年的科舉制度。這一制度允許任何人，無論其出生環境如何，都能跨越階層，成為高級官員和領導人。這一制度在19世紀50年代被英國人直接採用，並終結了貴族壟斷社會資源的歷史。
In fact, China’s examination based elite management is the predecessor of civil servants and the college entrance examination in Europe, the United States and other places. So the next time you take a written test such as sat or employee skill test, you should thank the Chinese most.
事實上，中國基於考試的精英管理是歐洲、美國和其他地方公務員和高考的前身。所以下次你要參加SAT或員工技能測試之類的筆試時，你最應該感謝的是中國人。
As for the modern world, almost everything you can see at Wal mart or buy on Amazon is made in China, thanks to low-cost labor, huge supply chain, excellent infrastructure (highway, railway, port, power grid) and technical school network.
至於現代世界，你在沃爾瑪看到的或在亞馬遜上能買到的幾乎所有東西都是中國製造的，這得益於低成本勞動力、龐大的供應鏈、優良的基礎設施（公路、鐵路、港口、電網）和技術學校網絡。
However, the influence of China’s manufacturing industry is not limited to cheap labor. If so, India, Indonesia or Vietnam, which are populous countries, can achieve the same achievements as China. Unfortunately, they are difficult to compare with China.
但是，中國製造業的影響力並不局限於廉價的勞動力。如果是這樣的話，那麼印度、印度尼西亞或越南這些人口大國也能取得像中國一樣的成就，很遺憾他們都難以同中國相比。
This is because their investment and construction scale in infrastructure and supply chain is not as large as that of China, and they can’t match China in quality. When asked about the possibility of transferring Apple’s iPhone production from China, Steve Jobs pointed out that Apple will not be able to meet its high quality standards at the cost that China can provide.
這是因為他們在基礎設施和供應鏈方面的投資和建設規模沒有中國那麼大，在質量上也無法與中國匹敵。當被問及將蘋果iPhone生產從中國轉移出去的可能性時，史蒂夫·喬布斯曾指出，蘋果將無法以中國能夠提供的成本達到其高質量標準。
Now, China’s manufacturing industry is not just making things designed by others. As Tom Friedman pointed out in the book “the world is flat”, many electronic products are increasingly designed by developed countries and China.
現在，中國的製造業也不只是製造別人設計的東西，正如湯姆·弗里德曼（Tom Friedman）在《世界是平的》一書中指出的那樣，許多電子產品正越來越多地由發達國家和中國共同設計。
You “can’t see” China’s influence because it is right beside you. From the basic inventions that help make the modern world possible to the various commodities you see on both sides of each aisle of Wal mart or Costco, you will understand that China’s influence is everywhere.
你「看不到」中國的影響，因為它就在你身邊，從幫助現代世界成為可能的基本發明，到你在沃爾瑪或好市多的每個過道的兩側看到的各色商品，你會瞭解，中國的影響力無處不在。
德國網友費尼的回答
China has a strong impact on your daily life. The label “made in China” may appear on 90% of your things, which means that these products are actually made and assembled in China.
中國對你的日常生活有著強大影響，「中國製造」的標籤可能會出現在你家90%的東西上，這意味著這些產品實際上是在中國製造和組裝的。
Over the past 20 years, the inflation rate in the United States has been very low, mainly because the products made in China are cheaper, which keeps the prices of most goods at a low level, thus reducing the inflation rate. Lower inflation means that you can expect your savings to maintain purchasing power for a longer time. This has a series of other positive chain reactions to the U.S. economy, and you will benefit indirectly. This is the Chinese power in your wallet.
在過去20年裡，美國的通貨膨脹率一直很低，這主要是因為中國製造的產品更便宜，這使大多數商品的價格保持在較低水平，從而降低了通貨膨脹率。較低的通貨膨脹率意味著你可以期望你的儲蓄能保持更長時間的購買力，這對美國經濟有一系列其他積極的連鎖反應，你會間接從中受益，這就是你錢包裡的中國力量。
The Treasury bills issued by the US federal government to the market are mainly purchased by the Chinese people to ensure the government’s income and work. This means that the U.S. government is borrowing from Chinese depositors to fund many things the government does, including health insurance, social security and military spending (the three largest government projects consume the most taxes).
美國聯邦政府向市場發行的國庫券，主要是由中國人購買的，以保證政府的收入和工作。這意味著美國政府正在向中國儲戶借款，為政府所做的許多事情提供資金，包括醫療保險、社會保障和軍費開支（這三個最大的政府項目消耗了最多的稅收）。
Americans, especially the elderly, are spoiled. They want to reduce taxes, but they don’t want the U.S. government to reduce spending on health insurance, social security and the army. In order to make up for the deficit caused by these lower taxes, the US government must make this work work in some way, so it borrows money from China, and the Chinese are very willing to provide it. Because of the existence of China, you can enjoy lower taxes.
美國人，特別是老年人，被寵壞了，他們希望降低稅收，卻又不希望美國政府降低醫療保險、社會保障和軍隊的支出。為了彌補這些較低的稅收造成的虧空，美國政府必須以某種方式使這項工作發揮作用，因此它向中國借錢，而中國人也非常願意提供這筆錢。因為中國的存在，你可以享受更低的稅收。
We are just here to talk about the influence of modern China. The influence of ancient China on your life is more basic, universal and key, because all the following necessities you must use every day come from China:
我們只是在這裡談論現代中國的影響。古代中國對你生活的影響更為基本、普遍和關鍵，因為你每天肯定使用的以下所有生活必需品都來自中國：
-Modern paper, paper cups, paper towels and toilet paper. You can go to the bathroom comfortably every day, which means you don’t have to clean with leaves or smooth sticks.
-現代紙，紙杯、紙巾和廁紙。你可以每天舒舒服服地上廁所，這意味著你不必使用樹葉或光滑的長棍進行清潔。
-Toothbrush. Before that, Europeans never bothered to brush their teeth, or they just rinsed with water and picked their teeth with branches, while Romans brushed their teeth with urine on their fingers or branches
-牙刷。在此之前，歐洲人從不費心刷牙，或者他們只是用水漱口，用樹枝剔牙，而羅馬人用手指或樹枝沾上尿液來刷牙……
印刷書籍和小冊子/Printed books and booklets
- 紙幣 / Notes
- 紙牌和麻將 / Cards and mahjong
- 日晷時鐘 / Clock
- 瓷器 / Porcelain
- 絲綢 / silk
- 火藥 / gunpowder
- 智能手機或GPS的前身，羅盤 / compass
- 鑄鐵煉鋼 / steel
- 釣絲 / fishing line
- 風箏 / kite
- 火柴 / match
- 使用天然氣作為燃料 / natural gas
There are other things you will find very boring, all of which were invented in ancient China.
還有其他一些你會覺得很無聊的東西，所有這些都是中國古代發明的。
Europeans get these inventions from the Chinese, whether they get them directly when they go to China or indirectly through traders in the Middle East or India. They make some modifications according to local conditions, and then bring all these wonderful things to the United States. Then the Europeans claim that these inventions are their own. They always greedily say how they invented everything in the sun, which is very untrue.
歐洲人是從中國人那裡獲得了這些發明，無論是他們去中國時直接獲得的，還是通過中東或印度貿易商間接獲得的，他們因地制宜進行了一些修改，然後把所有這些美妙的東西帶到了美國，然後歐洲人聲稱這些發明是他們自己的，他們總是貪婪地說他們是如何在陽光下發明一切的，這是非常不真實的。
This is the impact of China on your life.
這就是中國對你生活的影響。
美國專家帕布洛的回答
In finance, “ostrich effect” is used to describe investors ignoring negative information as if they did not see it. They take it for granted that they will not be affected. I think this problem can be described by a Chinese idiom: “frog at the bottom of the well”, which means that the frog at the bottom of the well sees the world as big as the wellhead. If you don’t see or feel the influence of China, I guess you should be isolated from the world or unwilling to contact positive information about China.
在金融學中，「鴕鳥效應」用來形容投資者忽視負面信息，就好像他們沒有看到這些信息一樣，他們想當然自己不會受到影響。我覺得這個問題可以用一個中國成語形容：「井底之蛙」，它的意思是井底的青蛙看到的世界和井口一樣大。如果你沒有看到或感受到中國的影響，我猜你應該與世隔絕了或者不願意去接觸關於中國的正面信息。
Conversely, if the United States is so magnanimous and moral, why do I, a guy in the third world, see American hegemony, racism and assassination all over the world, but you can’t see it?
反過來說，如果美國是如此寬宏大量和道德，為什麼我，一個第三世界的傢伙，在世界各地看到美國的霸權、種族主義和暗殺，而你卻看不到？
There is only one answer: biased reports by Western media.
答案只有一個：西方媒體的偏見性報導。
In your media, it is difficult to mention that China is the world’s largest exporter, the first in industrial production, the first trading partner of 120 countries in the world, and an innovation leader in the fields of supercomputers, strange materials, e-commerce and artificial intelligence. Its economic growth rate is twice that of the United States, but it is more willing to tell you some negative and dark information, most of which are fabricated or taken out of context.
在你們的媒體中，很難提到中國是世界第一大出口國、工業生產第一、全球120個國家的第一貿易夥伴、超級計算機、奇異材料、電子商務和人工智能領域的創新領軍者，它的經濟增長率是美國經濟增長率的兩倍，但它更願意告訴你一些負面而陰暗的信息，其中大多數都是編造或者斷章取義的。
I suggest you use a very simple technique to understand the true size of China’s influence: get information from sources other than the media.
我建議你用一個非常簡單的技巧來認知中國影響力的真實大小：從媒體以外的其他來源獲取信息。
You can follow these simple steps:
你可以按照以下簡單的步驟進行操作：
1 – go to any store in any city, town or village in the world to see how many of the goods it displays are made in China.
1-去世界上任何城市、城鎮或村莊的任何商店，看看它展示的商品中有多少是中國製造的。
2 – at any time, go to any airport anywhere in the world to see how many Chinese businessmen or tourists come and go.
2-在任何時間，去世界上任何地方的任何機場，看看有多少中國商人或遊客來來往往。
3 – visit the websites of the world bank, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations or the US Department of trade to view the following data:
3-訪問世界銀行、國際貨幣基金組織、聯合國或美國貿易部的網站，查看以下數據：
China’s GDP, industrial output, investment relations with other parts of the world, bilateral trade and trade balance with other parts of the world (including the United States), the percentage of people below the poverty line, the number of new invention patents registered in China every year, the commercial value of the Bank of China brand The performance of China’s stock market.
中國國內生產總值、工業產出、與世界其他地區的投資關係、與世界其他地區（包括美國）的雙邊貿易和貿易平衡、貧困線以下人口的百分比、每年在中國註冊的新發明專利數量、中國銀行品牌的商業價值、中國股市的表現。
Now compare these indicators with the same indicators in the United States, and then compare the growth rate of these figures with the growth rate of the United States, and you will see a very clear influence chart.
現在將這些指標與美國的相同指標進行比較，然後將這些數字的增長率與美國的增長率進行比較，你會看到一幅非常清晰的影響力圖表。
4. Go and see the real China in person.
4.親自去看看真正的中國。
Always remember that a true patriot is not one who paints a beautiful picture of his country all the time, but one who can see its shortcomings and correct them.
永遠記住：真正的愛國者不是時刻為自己的國家描繪美好畫面的人，而是能夠看到其缺點並加以糾正的人。■
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